Hocam, bu tür sorular için türevlere bakmak gerekir. Sorunun geri kalanı için arkadaşın da anlaması için ingilizce kullanacağm.
In these type of questions, you need to examine the derivatives of necessary order.
For example, for the 3rd question, Let f(x) = 3x + 4x + 5x and g(x) = x2
f'(x) = ln3 3x + ln4 4x + ln5 5x and g'(x) = 2x.
For g(x) we have g'(x) < 0 when x < 0 and g'(x) > 0 when x > 0; This means g(x) is monotonically increasing when x > 0
On the other hand, it is obvious that f'(x) > 0 for all x. So, f(x) is monotonically increasing for all x.
Lets examine the point, x = 0. f(0) = 3, g(0) = 0 --> f(0) > g(0); Since both f(x) and g(x) are increasing we need to determine which one is increasing at most(compare the derivatives). For large values of x, obviously f(x) will be much larger, but for smaller values of x, we dont know for sure what is happening between these two functions.
So, let's compare the derivatives, which one is larger: f'(x) or g'(x) and on which interval??
Again we need to treat f'(x) and g'(x) as seperate functions and take their derivatives for determining which one is larger.
f''(x) = ln23 3x + ln24 4x + ln25 5x and g''(x) = 2.
for x > 0, 3x,4x,5x > 1 and ln23,ln24,ln25 > 1 since e < 3 --> f''(x) > ln23 + ln24 + ln25 > 3 > g''(x) = 2
So, f'(x) is increasing faster than g'(x) and at start(x=0), it is already larger. So, g'(x) cannot catch f'(x) for x > 0, which means f'(x) > g'(x) for x > 0
It also means f(x) > g(x) for x > 0 because f(0) > g(0), which means f(x) and g(x) cannot intersect at region x > 0
Now, let's also look at x < 0 region. As x decrease(move left), since g'(x) < 0 and f(x) > 0, g(x) monotonically increases and f(x) monotonically decreases.
f(0) > g(0) and f(-infinity) < g(-infinity) and f is monotonically decreasing and g is monotonically increasing as x decreases ==> f(x) and g(x) meet at a single x location.
So, there is only one real root for the 3rd equation.